10 Jun 2025
As nuclear propulsion and floating nuclear power plants (FNPPs) gain momentum in the maritime sector, the absence of a unified regulatory framework presents a significant challenge. Companies are advancing with designs and feasibility studies, but the deployment of nuclear-powered vessels depends heavily on the development of robust international and national regulations that address reactor safety, waste management, port access, liability, crew training, and environmental protection. The International Maritime Organization (IMO), a specialized UN agency, plays a central role in this effort by drafting safety codes, establishing liability conventions, and coordinating with member states to harmonize protocols, all while aligning with global decarbonization goals. The IMO works closely with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) to ensure nuclear safety standards are integrated into maritime operations. Complementing these efforts is the Nuclear Energy Maritime Organisation (NEMO), a newly established international body headquartered in London, which aims to bridge the regulatory gap between the nuclear and maritime sectors. NEMO collaborates with maritime regulators, class societies, and insurers to adapt existing standards for the safe and sustainable deployment of floating nuclear technologies at sea, in ports, and nearshore environments. It also serves as a platform for stakeholders to exchange best practices and develop future-oriented rules that uphold safety, security, and environmental justice. Meanwhile, Russia’s extensive experience with nuclear-powered icebreakers and floating plants like the Akademik Lomonosov positions it as a key contributor to shaping these regulations. Its operational expertise in Arctic conditions, nuclear fuel management, and environmental safeguards provides valuable real-world insights that inform international rulemaking. Russia’s active participation in both the IMO and IAEA is expected to accelerate the development of global standards.
To read more, click here